On 26 September 2025, the Sejm adopted the Act on the Crypto-Assets Market, which constitutes a comprehensive regulation of the functioning of cryptocurrencies within the Polish legal system. The Act is closely linked to Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2023 on markets in crypto-assets and serves to ensure its proper application in Poland.
The Act introduces into the Polish (national) legal system a number of definitions previously adopted in the above-mentioned Regulation, including in particular the definition of a crypto-asset, under which this term means a digital representation of a value or a right that can be transferred and stored electronically, using distributed ledger technology or similar technology. Distributed ledger technology, according to the Act and the Regulation, is technology that enables the operation and use of distributed ledgers. A distributed ledger means a repository of information in which a record of transactions is maintained and which is made available within a set of DLT network nodes and synchronised between DLT network nodes using a consensus mechanism.
The above-mentioned Act governs the rules for carrying out activities in the field of crypto-assets, the rules on civil liability in connection with the information document relating to a crypto-asset (the mandatory content and form of that document are laid down in the above-mentioned Regulation), and the organisation of and rules for the exercise of supervision over the crypto-assets market. Supervision over the crypto-assets market includes: supervision over offerors, persons applying for the admission of crypto-assets to trading, issuers of asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens and providers of crypto-asset services, as well as the detection and prevention of abuses on the crypto-assets market.